Output meter for working control



Aug. 1l, 1931. M. KURREIN 1,817,922

OUTPUT METER FOR WORKING CONTROL Filed March 26, 19.25

@gem

Patented ug. 11, 1931 rsu/,azz

@TENT GFFIC llrIAX KURREIN, kGIF CHABLGTTENBURG, GERMANY OUTPUT METER FR "WORKING CONTROL Application lcd March 6, 1925, Serial No. 18,536, and in Germany March 29, 1924.

idea which could not possibly be carried into practice hitherto in connection with working control, viz. upon a solution of the problem to ascertain in every moment the true performance (in kgm., horse-power, kilowatt, and the like) rendered by the respective machine, as well as the variations of that performance, and to use the data obtained as basis for the working-control, and for .ascertaining the respective data employed for the indirect working-control, such as total and partial working-period, periods of running without load, number of pieces treated, and the like. It is now rendered possible to reduce these data to one magnitude of comparison which is of the same order as the power conducted into the machine, and the necessity is obviated to have recourse to such statements as kg. of chipsper hour, or number of holes per hour, or the like.

The problem mentioned can be discerned in the intense endeavours to find out, and stick to, so-called, constants of material as used, for instance, for reducing or converting the production of chips to kgm., and the like, but solving that problem and carrying the solution into practice was prevented up to now by the impossibility of coupling the existing output meters easily and correctly, as regards the measurements in view,

with any kind or type of machines, another fact being this that all devices intended for working-control and existing in commerce are nothing elese but devices for measuring time or movements.

My new apparatus is a torsion-dynamometer (Fttinger, Amsler, and others) in which the shape of the measuring spring is of no importance whatever,-in fact, in certain cases even hollow cylinders may be used adau vantageously as measuring springs,but important and essential is the manner of transmitting the indications of the respective measuring' spring to an indicating and registering or recording apparatus indicating and registering or recording all magnitudes or data connected with the periods of working and of handling or manipulating the workpieces.

In contradistinction to all existing types of torsions-dynamometers the measurements are eected, with the present improved device, by a rotating measuring member, whereas the indications .and the registrations take place by a stationary member; the transmission is eected automatically and continually while the respective machine is in operation, and does not affect the accuracy of the indications and registrations.

M f invention is illustrated diagrammatically and by way of example in F ig. l of the accompanying drawings in which the upper parts are shown in axial section and the lower parts in side view, some transmission wheels being indicated merely by dotted lines.

F ig. 2 shows some details.

The apparatus according to this invention indicates and records automatically and in relation to each other:

(l) The horse power consumed in machining a. piece of work (by a marking pencil t).

(2) The time taken for machining the said piece (by a writing device l0 and clockwork 1l).

(3) The number of revolutions of the work spindle equivalent to the cutting speed (by a gearing 5 8 and marking pin 9).

(a) rlhe number of nished pieces, which is found from the number of repeated diagrams (written by the pencil t) (5) The quality of these pieces, found from the form of the said diagrams.

(6) The times of working periods, resting periods and preparation periods for finishing one piece of work, found from the relation between pin marks l2, 13 etc. and the simultaneously written horse power diagram (pencil t).

In the complete record the horse power soy diagram forms the base, in relation to which all other marks are read.

Gn the drawing,` a denotes the measuring spring which is cylindrical in this instance and is supported in and between the telescopically disposed shafts c and cl ot the dynamometer by separate inserted members Z) and Zi. The cylindrical spring a is subjected to torsional stress exactly proportionally to the driving moment as soon as a moment of torsion, or turningl moment respectively, is transmitted 'from the pulley e to the coupling` f by which the apparatus is coupled with. a shat't oi the machine to be investigated. ln other Words, the dynamometer is directly inserted between the machine to be investigated and drive, the a. pulley driven by a transinission shaft or an electroniotor or the lil-ze.

The shaft c is turned for a certain angle relatively to the shaft d, and this turning,` ot these shafts relatively to` one another is used also in the present improved torsion-dynameineter,` as with the known ones, 'tor meas tiring the performance.

The lettha-nd end et the spring,` a is co-nnectcd iirmly with the shaft c by the insertedmember b, and the riehtliand end oit' the spring (L is connected firmly with the shaft l by the inserted mena-ber Z1. The le'lithand end of the shaft el is provided with a flangelilie enlargement or head g presenting on its le'l't side an oblique surface L-z' forming either a simple a symmetrical screwthread or, more precisely, a part of such one. Opposite said enlargement or head g a sleeve la having an enlargement or head t" like the head g which is so shaped as to centact with. theY oblique surface 11i-'i of ele enlargement or head g is arranged upon the Vshaft c. VThe sleeve shiiitrabl but not rotatable upon the shaft c, that is it is connected with the shaft c b Jieatlfier and groove and is car icd upon this shaft in such a manner that the friction between these two parts is the smallest possible. The shafts c and Z are journalled, by mea-ns ot ball bearings B in brackets Bi forming a part ot the fr ine ot the apparatus.

Now, when a turning meme-nt arises by the transmission from the shaft c to the shaft l by the intermetiiary of the spr-ing,` a, the ends of this latter are being turizied relatively to one another, as do the heads g and 7J thereby shifting the sleeve le to the lefthand side.

rThe letthand face m ot the head 7c is lo-V cated at right angles with respect to the axis ot' the tel opically arranged'parts c, (l, and contacts with a roll g. attached to the short upper arm of a double-armed lever c@ supported on a pivot 2/ lined on the frame ot the apparatus and subjected to the pull of a spring by which the roll g is kept continu ,ally in contact with the face m. The tivo oblique faces 71,-2' (one pertaining to the head g, the other to the head are pressed against one another by a helical spring o encompassing the sleeve and bearing; at one end against the sleeve and at the other end against an adjustable ring' g2 by means of which the pressure which the spring 0 exerts upon the sleeve can be regulated.

The motion ot the longer arm of the lever a; istransmitted by rod r jointed to the lower end oi the lever ai to an indicator or a measuring derice 'for ocular inspection and being ot any desired type. he rod o is pivoted to the slide s of said measuring` device, guided in ed ,guides The inovement of the slide s1' transmitted by a pivoted link t to a rod u guided by tivo links u1 and a2 and bearing; the Writing pin ffl ot a registering; recording; device. Tlv transmission of the movementinay however also be effected by means of any other suitable ,so-called,l kinematic chain.

The writing pin t"- records its movements upon paper st i p fu; guided on a drum t. The drum is rota-ed in the usual manner by a. wheel wor z il indicated on the drawings by its casing.

is the oi-itput-diagram oi a working` macl must show quite distinctly every motien pertaining to that machine, especially the most important phases such periods ot Working with and Without load, incomplete Working' phases time used 'for adjustments and for other manipulations, and the like, l have conceived the idea ot combining,T the output-diagram with registrations oit' the speeds and the times in order to render possible to solve t ie thus obtained combinationdiagram and utilize it for the purpose of Y calculation.

For that purpose the apparatus shown by Way of example in the drawings is provided with certain additional transmission means which, in the example illustrated, consist of a train of members, viz. cog-wheel l sew cured tov the shaft c, another cog-Wheel 2 meshing' with said Wheel l, a shaft 3 to Which is atlixed said Wheel 2 and a Worm 4l, a Worm-- Wheel 5 meshing with said worm and con nected with considerably smaller cog-wlieel G, a large cog-Wheel 7 meshing with said small Wheel 6 and connected with another large cog-wheel 7 which is provided With a projection 8 co-operating with a projection 8 peitaining to a flat spring 9 or the like secured at 9 to any stationary member and provided its 'free end with a marking o-r Writing pin 9b producing marks upon the strip of paper to. The ratio of transmission may be such that the pin 9b produces a mark on the paper w each 500 revolutions of the shaft c. The Wheel-Werl: l1 also actuates. periodically a marking or Writing pin l0 in any desired manner, the ma 1ks of which in-- dicate seconds or a multiple thereof. Further marking levers or arms with marking or writing pins can be provided, as, the two marking levers or arms 12 and 13, which are actuated by stops or the like engaging certain moved parts of the respective machine in their end positions either mechanically or electrically. rj "hese other marking arms (12, 13, and, may be, another one or other ones) indicate the time consumed for manipulations and the like. lf the actuation is an electrical one, the said stops may; when engaging the respective moved part of the machine close an electrical circuit thereby energizing electro-magnets 14 attracting the arms 12 and 13 (Fig. 2).

It results from the above description of the device that it rendered possible thereby to learn by and from it the various performances caused by or connected with any work, as, Working-time proper, time for preparations, and the like, and from the diagram obtained can also be ascertained whether the work has been done in the prescribed stages or phases, there being no necessity to influence the respective workman in any way, or to be present t the respective machine. The diagram obtained can be valued perfectly non-inuenced or unprejudiced, and can be utilized for the control of the working and for calculating purposes, as the number of the working pieces is indicated at all events by the curve of performance irrespective of the times of ruiming without load etc. which prevent, with the known devices, reliable reading of the diagram and render the statements incorrect.

If the apparatus is to be shoved upon a work-piece, as will be requisite, when it is employed in connection with a grinding machine, a hollow measuring spring must be used instead of a solid one.

The apparat-us may be permanently connected with a machine or may be interchangeable.

I claim:

1. A torsional dynamometer for measuring and indicating the work and performance of machines, comprising a driving shaft; a driven shaft connected with the machine to be measured; a measuring torsion spring arranged concentrically to and connected at its ends with said shafts respectively; two members mounted on and adapted to be rotated by the two shafts respectively and being axially movable relatively to each other independently of said shafts; helical surfaces on said members adapted to move them apart when angularly moved against each other; means for pressing said members against each other; and means cooperating with said members for recording their axial movement.

2. A torsional dynamometer for measuring and indicating the work and performance of machines, comprising a driving' shaft; a driven shaft connected with the machine to be measured; a measuring torsion spring ar ranged concentrically to and connected at its ends with said shafts respectively; two members mounted on and adapted to be rotated by the two shafts respectively and being axially movable relatively to each other independently of said shafts; helical surfaces on said members adapted to move them apart when angularly moved against each other; means for pressing said members against each other; and means cooperating with said members for recording their axial movement, said helical surfaces being symmetrically arranged to transfer an axial motion in the same direction independent of the angular movement from their initial position in a clockwise or counterclockwise directon.

3. A torsional dynamometer for measuring and indicating the work and performance of machines, comprising a. driving shaft; a driven shaft connected with the machine to be measured; a measuring torsion spring arranged concentrically to and connected at its ends with said shafts respectively; two members mounted on and adapted to be rotated by the two shafts respectively and being axially movable relatively to each other independently of said shafts; helical surfaces on said members adapted to move them apart when angularly moved against each other; means for pressing said members against each other; means cooperating with said members for recording their axial movement; a lever transmitting the motion to be recorded from said members to said recording means arranged on said means and only touching the members; and means separated from the said machine and serving for supporting said recording means.

1n testimony whereof I have aifxed my signature.

MAX KURREIN. 

